SSDI Administrative Law Judge

Hon. Paul Isherwood

SSDI Administrative Law Judge at the Phoenix Downtown Hearing Office · 8 years on the bench · 17,284 lifetime decisions

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Approval rates

Judge Isherwood's approval rate is currently 28%, which compares to an office-wide average of 56% and a national average of 58%. These figures are derived from a significant docket of 17,284 lifetime decisions. While these numbers provide context, they do not account for the unique medical evidence or vocational factors present in your specific claim. Aggregate rates describe past decisions, not predictions for your individual hearing.

Metric Judge Isherwood Phoenix Downtown National
Approval rate 30% 56% 58%
Fully favorable 23%
Denials 72%

Office- and national-level breakdowns of fully favorable vs denial rates aren't currently published by SSA in the per-office disposition data. The judge's own breakdown is the detail we have today.

Approval rate over time

Year-over-year approval rate across Judge Isherwood's docket. Annual rates fluctuate with the mix of cases SSA assigns; the longer-run pattern is more informative than any single year.

Judge Isherwood
0%20%40%60%80%100%FY18FY25
Source: SSA OHO disposition data. Approval rate = fully favorable + partially favorable decisions divided by total dispositions excluding dismissals.

Decision pattern

Over his 8 years on the bench, Judge Isherwood has seen his approval rates fluctuate, peaking in 2019 before trending lower. The most recent data shows a 28% approval rate, which is a shift from the 13% observed in 2022. This pattern reflects a period of stabilization following earlier volatility in his caseload. The latest period shows a continuation of a steady approach to benefit approvals.

Preparing for an SSDI hearing

The guidance below applies to any SSDI hearing, not specifically to Judge Isherwood's bench. Judge-specific preparation guidance requires a corpus of public Appeals Council decisions involving each judge, which we haven't built yet.

  • Bring a clean treating-physician record. Longitudinal primary-care or specialist notes spanning the disability period, with consistent symptom documentation, are typically the strongest evidence at hearing. A single month's records usually aren't enough.
  • Don't rely on consultative exams alone. If your medical evidence is built primarily around a one-time CE finding, expect detailed questioning. Supplement with treating-source statements where possible.
  • Prepare for daily-activity questions. Have honest, specific answers about a typical day. Answers that conflict with the medical record (in either direction) tend to hurt credibility.
  • Expect transferable-skills probing. A vocational expert will usually testify about jobs available to someone with your limitations. Your representative should be prepared to cross-examine.

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About the Phoenix Downtown hearing office

The Phoenix Downtown Hearing Office serves a large population across Arizona, managing a high volume of disability claims with a bench of 5 judges. The office currently reports an approval rate of 56%. You should expect a formal hearing process focused on objective medical evidence and vocational testimony. You can see the Phoenix Downtown Hearing Office page for the full ALJ roster.

Other judges at this hearing office

The Phoenix Downtown Hearing Office utilizes a workload-balancing algorithm to assign cases, meaning you cannot choose your judge. The bench here is diverse, with lifetime approval rates among the 5 judges ranging from 30% to 53%. Because assignment is random, you should focus your efforts on building a robust medical record that meets the requirements of 20 CFR Part 404.

Your odds change dramatically with a lawyer

SSDI hearing approval rates — represented vs. on your own

WITHOUT A LAWYER
baseline approval rate
Unrepresented claimants
WITH A LAWYER
~3×
higher approval rate
Represented claimants
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Source: U.S. Government Accountability Office, GAO-18-37. The 3× gap is a population-wide average across all judges; individual outcomes vary.

Frequently asked questions